Term Papers on Breast Cancer Treatments
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Term Papers on Breast Cancer Treatments
Scientists have made many new advances in cancer treatment. These advances may make a dent in the fatalities caused by cancer each year. Cancer is the abnormal rate of cell division, and can cause serious problems in the body and in some cases cause death. Lately, there have been many discoveries that have given hope tot he patients and doctors who have seen what this disease is capable of.
Cancer grows when genes mutate and cause cells to divide at an abnormally high rate. Carcinogenesis is the process of normal cells changing into cancer cells. No one is 100 percent sure of what causes the genes to mutate. The body is devastatingly weakened by cancer. Other side effects of cancer include but are not limited, to illness, weakened bones, and immune system deformation. There are many different types of cancer that have been discovered. Lung cancer is most common among people that smoke tobacco. The best way to lower the risk of getting lung cancer is to limit your tobacco intake. Breast cancer is a threat to both females and males (NCI). There is a way to find breast cancer tumors before they are life threatening, one can do that by getting a mammogram. Esophageal cancer is a cancer that evolves in the esophagus or throat. Acid damages the tissues and cells lining the esophagus and this can cause the healthy cells to turn cancerous. Doctors are trying new drugs to help treat this cancer. Scientists are testing to see if aspirin can help stop this cancer. There are around 7,000 cases that are diagnosed every year. The most common types of cancer are: breast, colon, rectal, lung, kidney, prostate and skin cancer (NCI).
The standard cancer treatment that most patients receive is chemotherapy. There are more than 100 drugs sed in chemotherapy. This treatment is not always effective, but in other cases can cure a patient. Chemotherapy has one major flaw, it does not distinguish good cells from cancer cells. All rapidly dividing cells are killed by Chemotherapy. This treatment attacks hair follicles, skin, reproductive system, and bone marrow. Patients being treated with this may experience hair loss, nausea, infertility, rashes, and vomiting. The FDA has to approve the doses of chemotherapy given to patients, and the patients are monitored. Vascular endothelial growth factors are in high levels in cancers such as: lung, breast, thyroid, kidney, and bladder. Targeted therapies stop tumor growth and spread but chemotherapy does not.
The study of cancer is becoming clearer to the scientists who continue to search for a cure. Scientists have been taking technological machines that have been around for years and transforming them into something more useful. The ultrasound machine is one of the most recent scientific discoveries to help treat cancer. Charles A. Reinwald rediscovered this machine. The technique using the ultrasound machine is called high-intensity focused ultrasound or HIFU. Only a few countries such as Canada, England, Dominican Republic, and Mexico permit doctors to treat prostate cancer patients treated with this technique. HIFU is not available to patients in the United States. There are very few companies who market these machines. The HIFU technique does not have any side effects but it is not yet proven to be safer or more effective. When doctors begin to heat the fibroid, they avoid heating the surrounding tissues and target the fibroid. Uterine fibroids are non-malignant tumors that can problems such as infertility. In the future, breast cancer patients with the HIFU technique may help reduce the number of women who need mastectomies. Between 1988 and 2001, Dr. Feng Wu treated breast cancer patients with a combination of HIFU and chemotherapy. After five years, 89 percent of women that were tested had no signs of the cancer reoccurring. This specific type of treatment does not harm the skin, so the actual shape of the breast is neither harmed nor changed.